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Gallus Anonymus
''Gallus Anonymus'' (Polonized variant: ''Gall Anonim'') is the name traditionally given to the anonymous author of ''Gesta principum Polonorum'' (Deeds of the Princes of the Poles), composed in Latin about 1115.
''Gallus'' is generally regarded as the first historian to have described Poland. His ''Chronicles'' are an obligatory text for university courses in Poland's history. Very little is known of the author himself.
==Kromer==
The only source for ''Gallus existence is a note made by Prince-Bishop of Warmia Marcin Kromer (1512–89) in the margin of folio 119 of the "Heilsberg manuscript."〔Paul W. Knoll and Frank Schaer, eds., ''Gesta Principum Polonorum: The Deeds of the Princes of the Poles'', Budapest, 2003, pp. xxiv—v.〕 It reads: ''Gallus hanc historiam scripsit, monachus, opinor, aliquis, ut ex proemiis coniicere licet qui Boleslai tertii tempore vixit'' (''Gallus'' wrote this history, some monk, in my opinion, who lived in the time of Bolesław III, as can be conjectured from the preface.') It is not known whether Kromer intended the word "Gallus" as a proper name or as a reference to the author's nationality (''Gallus'' in this period normally means, "a Frenchman"), nor what he based his identification on.〔
The Heilsberg manuscript, one of three extant witnesses of the ''Gesta'', was written between 1469 and 1471. From the mid-16th to 18th centuries, it was kept in the town of Heilsberg (today Lidzbark Warmiński, Poland). It was later published at the behest of Prince-Bishop of Warmia Adam Stanisław Grabowski (1698–1766).〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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